A review of pig and poultry diseases in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, 2000–2020

Authors

Keywords:

pig, poultry, diseases, zoonotic, Eastern Cape province

Abstract

The informal poultry and pig sector in the Eastern Cape Province (ECP) of South Africa is of significant socio-economic importance as it sustains livelihoods and ensures food security; yet little is known about the distribution and prevalence of infectious and zoonotic diseases in this region. This paper reviews data published for pig and poultry diseases in the province during the last 20 years (2000–2020). The review included relevant published papers identified by a computerised literature search from Web of Science; provincial animal health reports; the national database from the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development (DALRRD); animal health reports submitted by DALRRD to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) via the World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) interface and laboratory records. A publication was considered eligible if it included qualitative or quantitative information on any disease affecting pigs and poultry including zoonosis. The search retrieved 174 publications, of which 26 were relevant. The review found that Newcastle disease (ND), coccidiosis and fowl pox (FP) were the most reported avian diseases in the national database, whereas avian infectious bronchitis (AIB), ND and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) were the most reported diseases in the OIE database. Classical swine fever (CSF) was the most reported pig disease in both databases. The retrieved literature on pig and poultry diseases was scarce and no longer up to date, providing decision makers with little information. The review identified important zoonotic diseases that require further studies yet failed to find information on important neglected diseases like leptospirosis.

Author Biographies

  • V Simbizi, State Veterinary Services

    Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform, State Veterinary Services and Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa

  • R Moerane, University of Pretoria

    Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa

  • G Ramsay, Charles Sturt University

    School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences and Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Australia

  • C Mubamba, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock

    Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Zambia

  • C Abolnik, University of Pretoria

    Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa

  • B Gummow, University of Pretoria

    Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa and Discipline of Veterinary Sciences, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Australia

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Published

2022-03-14

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Section

Original Research